What is MIMO Technology | Massive MIMO Tower

Hey Guys, In this post i'll explane you What is MIMO | What is MIMO Technology | What is MIMO Tower so enjoy this post.

What is MIMO ?

Multiple Input Multiple Output - An abbreviation of MIMO, is a wireless technology that increases the data capacity of an RF radio using multiple transmit and receive antennas. In a MIMO system, the same data is transmitted over multiple antennas on the same path in the same bandwidth. Because of this, each signal reaches the receiving antenna via a different path, which results in more reliable data. The data rate also increases by a factor determined by the number of transmitting and receiving antennas.

The receiver is designed to take into account the slight time difference between receiving each signal as it travels across different paths, i.e. additional noise or interference, and even missing signals.

Watch Video :

Advantages of a MIMO system:

• A MIMO system provides better signal strength even without clear line-of-site as they utilize the bounced and reflected RF transmissions. 
• The higher throughput allows better quality and quantity of video sent over the network.
• Multiple data streams reduces the number of lost data packets, which results in better video or audio quality.

Typical MIMO Configurations:

• 2x2 MIMO (two transmit antennas, two receive antennas)
• 3x3 MIMO (three transmit antennas, three receive antennas)
• 4x4 MIMO (four transmit antennas, four receive antennas)
• 8x8 MIMO (eight transmit antennas, eight receive antennas)
• MU MIM0 (multiple transmit antennas, multiple receive antennas)

What is MU-MIMO?

Unsurprisingly, there is an increasing number of wireless clients looking to utilize the network resources, services, and applications that existing wireless networks provide. Across many places such as schools, offices, public outdoor spaces, etc., which no longer have secure, high performance wireless access is no longer "nice", but is seen by many as a necessity. With the increase in the number of wireless clients, there have been a large number of technological developments that manufacturers have achieved to help reduce the burden of congestion, such as linking channels for higher productivity, multi-input multiple (MIMO) output, and broadcast equity to prevent legacy clients from slowing connections or Banding for moving already saturated 2.4GHz clients to the most accommodating 5GHz band. However, none of these developments addresses the basic "bottleneck" that has been part of the 802.11 wireless standards since its inception, which is to restrict only one-way communications between AP and one client machine. So far. With the release of 802.11ac WAVE 2 comes MIMO Multi-User (MU-MIMO), which is a pioneering new way of access points to connect with their associated customers.

How does it work:

To understand how MU-MIMO works, you must first understand how SU (Single User) -MIMO has worked since your arrival at the 802.11n wireless standard. SU-MIMO or rather MIMO, refers to a practical technique to send and receive more than one data signal simultaneously through the same radio channel by exploiting multipath propagation. This allowed wireless access points and devices to simultaneously transmit or receive multiple data streams with each other, increasing the speed of the connection.

Why do I need it:

Well, the answer to this is simple. As demand increases for your network through BYOD policies, the IoT and the sheer size of customer devices now available to consumers will prove that serving each of these customers on a one-on-one basis will be very stressful for today's hungry data users.

It is important to note that even non-MIMO devices can see indirect improvements caused by MU-MIMO. If MU-MIMO devices are dealt with on the network in a time fashion, they will unintentionally provide more time for SU-MIMO customers.

Ultimately, the only sure way to reduce the burden of saturated wireless networks and increase their overall performance is to break the limitations of older technologies and advance with today's leading solutions, which are happening right now at the moment MU-MIMO.

For MIMO to work, both the transmitter and receiver (i.e. the access point and the client device) must have multiple radio / antenna chains. For example, an access point that can transmit radio frequencies on one stream, and receive radio frequencies on another (1 × 1), can do this with a client device that also supports 1 × 1 communication. The device supports 2 × 2 streams in each direction, The device supports 3 x 3 three. Any device that supports more streams will work with any device that supports less (and vice versa), but overall performance will be limited by the lower device.

A spatial stream is a set of data, which is transmitted by a radio chain transmitted, which can be mathematically reconstructed by future radio strings. In MIMO, each spatial train of a different radio / antenna series is transmitted on the same frequency channel as the transmitter. The receiver receives each train on both identical radio / antenna chains. Since the receiver knows the phase displacement of its own antennas, it can reconstruct the original tables.

However, to understand how MU-MIMO works, it is important to first know about transmission packet configuration (TxBF). Unlike MIMO, which sends a different spatial stream on each antenna, the beam formation sends the same stream on multiple antennas with a deliberate timing offset to increase the range. The phase of each data stream is transmitted by all the antennas at different times, so that these different signals interact constructively at a point in space (that is, the receiver's location), which enhances the signal strength at that location. When using omnidirectional antennas, the created pattern becomes an effective direction. Consequently, bandwidth transmission can only work if the sender can derive the recipient site using sounding frames.

MU-MIMO takes this process a step further. By adding more series / radio antennas, the AP can control the phase antenna pattern to control the position of the stronger signal and where the signal is the weakest. With a sufficient number of antennas and knowledge of the relative positions of all connected client devices, AP can create a stepwise pattern to speak to multiple clients independently and simultaneously. So, for the first time, using multi-user input technology (MU-MIMO) multi-user, the wireless access point can transfer to multiple Wi-Fi client devices at the same time.